Japan in relations with Portugal and the Netherlands under Tokugawa - A comparative perspective
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69974/glskalp.03.03.36Keywords:
Japan, Portugal, Netherlands, Tokugawa, RelationsAbstract
Among Western countries conducting trade and evangelization activities, Portugal was the first to establish a relationship with Japan. However, the main axis in Japan's relations with Portugal was mainly related to missionary issues and the shogunate government's policy of suppressing Christianity. Meanwhile, the Netherlands' relations with Japan were mainly in the field of trade and exchange, so the Netherlands not only did not face the prohibition policy of the Tokugawa court, but on the contrary, Japan encouraged the acquisition of Western science and technology. Understanding Japan's relationship with Portugal and the Netherlands is not beyond the purpose of helping us identify the similarities and differences in Japan's relations with the two countries as well as through that relationship, we can draw useful lessons and experiences to serve the open foreign policy of our Party and State in the current period. This article will give a comparative perspective into Japan in relations with Portugal and the Netherlands under Tokugawa.
References
Tuyen Hoa People committee, Quang Binh Province, Vietnam
Nguyen Van Kim (2000), Japan's closure policy in the Tokugawa period, causes and consequences , World Publishing House , pp. 103
Nguyen Van Kim (2000), tel., pp. 104
George Samson (1994), History of Japan, volume 2 (1334 - 1615), Hanoi Social Science Publishing House, p.423
George Samson (1994), old man, child 432
. Year 1571 , yes There are about 5,600 Christians in the territory of Sumitada , of which about 1,500 live in Nagasaki. In 1577 , the total number of people living in the Omura domain had increased to 60,000 people. In 1579 , Nagasaki had a population of about 2,000 people. Amakusa was founded by Almeida in 1569 with only 40 Christians , and in 1571 , from 1579 to a total of 10,000 VND . _ _ Only 12,000 people converted. In 1580, the total number of Catholics in Kyushu was about 130,000. See also: Joseph Jennes, CICM (1973), A history of the Catholic Church in Japan, translation team: Phil. Nguyen Huu Anh Vuong, Jos. Truong Van Thom, Tokyo, p.61
. Murakami Shigeoshi (2005), Japanese Religion, Hanoi Religious Publishing House, p . 223
Nguyen Van Kim (2000), tel., p.95
Joseph Jennes, CICM (1973), A history of the Catholic Church in Japan, translation team: Phil. Nguyen Huu Anh Vuong, Jos. Truong Van Thom, Tokyo, p.176
Joseph Jennes, CICM (1973), tldd., p. 200
http://factsanddetails.com (last visited Jan. 10, 2022)
George Samson (1995), History of Japan, volume 3 (1615 - 1867), Hanoi Social Science Publishing House, p.49
Led by Western monks, these Christian parishes began to arm themselves and militarily to fight against the government. They rebelled in desperation against the economic oppression of religion. About 37,000 people, based in a ruined old castle, resisted for nearly three months. They marched against the civilian and military representatives of the Japanese government, fighting bloody battles along the snout of Shimabara near Nagasaki Bay. Once again assassinating the loyal governor of Shimabara, the Kito army entrenched itself in his fortified fortress and successfully resisted the heavy artillery and ships of the Japanese forces. The Japanese government was concerned that Christian groups could be used by Western Christian governments to conquer Japanese territory, and then force them to pay taxes to the point of poverty. Meanwhile, the Jesuits were preparing for real resistance, forming a pro-Christian detachment of 30,000 Japanese, waving insignias bearing the names of Jesus, Mary, and Saint Ignatius to the side. before.
http://sachhiem.net (last visited Jan. 10, 2022)
http://japan.nlembassy.org (last visited Jan. 1, 2022)
Sekigahara : is the great battle in October 21 , 1600 , pave the way for Tokugawa Ieyasu reach for the throne Shogun . Although it took Ieyasu three years to consolidate his power first Toyotomi clan and the daimyo , the battle of Sekigahara is still considered the official date of the beginning Tokugawa shogunate , last shogunate in Japan .
Dutch East India Company VOC: Founded in 1602 and approved by the Dutch Parliament on 20 March 1602. This establishment is considered a union of small Dutch companies that are trading and competing with rivals in Vienna but in reality this is a company, an organization disguised by the colonialists to carry out the invasion.
Pham Hong Tung (2008), Political culture and history from the perspective of political culture, Hanoi National Political Publishing House, p.189
Nguyen Van Kim (1994), “The Dutch in the early years in Japan”, History Research Journal, No. 4 , p.55
Nguyen Van Kim (2000), tel., p.299
Rangaku: The term appeared around the early 70s of the 18th century, by a group of scholars who were particularly interested in an academic movement initiated by Dutch interpreters in the Netherlands, the learning movement Nagasaki. Netherlands. Despite the Dutch name, this is actually a Western learning process through the Dutch way.
. Vinh Sinh (1991), Modern Japan , Ho Chi Minh City Publishing House, p.74
. Mukai Gensho has the "Komoryugeka Hiyo" (The Secret of the Red Capillary Surgery - 1654), a record of the Dutch-style surgical method. Narabayashi Shingobei translated a book on surgical techniques from Dutch into Japanese as “Gekajjutsu no sho” (Science of Technical Surgery 1706).
. In the early eighteenth century, Russia claimed Kamtchatka and sent many expeditions to the archipelago Kurile, Hokkaidoto explore the possibility of establishing a stronghold. From the North, Russian ships have gradually advanced down to a number of trading ports in Honshu and then in the island region Kyushu. See also: Vu Duong Ninh, Nguyen Van Kim (2008), Some topics on world history, volume 2, Hanoi National University Publishing House, pp. 151
Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference (2012), Comparison of the "Civilization" movement in Vietnam and Japan in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, p.117
Van Sinh Nguyen (2004), Discovering a New Continent, translator: Vuong Mong Biao, Labor Publishing House, p.76
